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What IV Fluids should be used for dengue fever to ensure fast recovery and safety?

Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by the dengue virus, commonly transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. If not treated promptly, the disease can lead to dehydration and severe complications. One of the common supportive treatments is IV fluid therapy. So, what IV fluids should be used for dengue fever to ensure fast recovery and safety?

Why are IV Fluids needed in dengue fever?

When infected with dengue fever, patients often experience dehydration due to high fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. According to Mayo Clinic, severe dehydration can lead to hypotension, affecting the function of vital organs in the body. Iv fluid therapy for dengue fever helps replenish lost fluids and electrolytes, improve circulation, and stabilize blood pressure.

Additionally, in severe cases such as dengue shock syndrome (DSS), IV fluid therapy in dengue fever is a critical intervention to maintain blood circulation and prevent mortality.

Should dengue fever patients receive IV Fluids?

IV Fluid therapy is not always necessary for dengue fever patients. According to research published on PubMed, only patients showing severe dehydration or complications need IV Fluid therapy. If the patient can drink sufficient water and consume adequate nutrients orally, IV Fluids are not recommended.

Can IV Fluids be given in dengue fever? When should they be administered?

The answer is yes, but it should follow medical guidelines. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), determining when to administer iv fluids for dengue fever depends on clinical signs, such as:

  • Severe dehydration: dry skin, dry lips, reduced urine output.
  • Shock or hypotension: the most critical sign requiring immediate intervention.
  • Persistent vomiting and inability to drink water.
  • Significantly elevated hematocrit levels, accompanied by a drop in platelet count.

If these symptoms occur, doctors will prescribe the appropriate iv fluids.

Suitable iv fluids for dengue fever

Isotonic saline solution (NaCl 0.9%)

This is a basic fluid used to replenish water and maintain electrolyte balance. According to Healthline, isotonic saline improves blood circulation without putting excessive strain on the circulatory system. As per the WHO guidelines, isotonic saline is the first-line choice for treating dengue shock before transitioning to colloid solutions if necessary.

Ringer lactate solution

Ringer lactate contains ions like sodium, potassium, calcium, and lactate, which help stabilize the blood’s acid-base balance. This fluid is especially effective in treating severe dehydration caused by dengue fever.

Colloid solutions (dextran, hydroxyethyl starch)

In severe shock cases, colloid solutions help rapidly increase blood volume. However, these should only be used under strict medical supervision in a healthcare facility.

Which fluid should you choose?

The choice of iv fluid depends on the level of dehydration and the patient’s condition. For mild cases, isotonic saline or Ringer lactate is appropriate. In severe cases, doctors may use colloid solutions to improve circulation quickly.

Precautions for IV Fluid therapy in dengue fever

IV Fluid therapy is a critical medical intervention, but if not administered correctly, it can lead to complications such as pulmonary edema or heart failure. Key precautions include:

  • Avoid self-administering fluids at home: this procedure should be carried out by healthcare professionals in a hospital or clinic with adequate facilities.
  • Continuous monitoring: iv fluids must be closely monitored, especially for elderly patients or those with a history of chronic illnesses.
  • Follow doctor’s instructions: the type of fluid and the infusion rate should be adjusted based on the patient’s condition.

IV Fluid therapy in dengue fever is an essential supportive treatment but must be done correctly and under medical supervision. Patients should not self-administer iv fluids but follow medical guidance to ensure safety and effectiveness. If you are wondering what iv fluids should be used for dengue fever or whether iv fluids are necessary for dengue fever, consult healthcare professionals to make the most informed decision.

References:

  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38828952/ 
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/dengue-tetravalent-vaccine-live-subcutaneous-route/description/drg-20463393
  • https://www.healthline.com/health/dengue-fever
  • https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17753-dengue-fever
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084
  • https://www.healthline.com/health/intravenous-fluid-regulation
  • https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dengue-fever-reference
  • https://www.healthline.com/health/iv-fluids-for-stomach-flu 
  • https://vncdc.gov.vn/files/article_attachment/2019/6/cap-nhat-phac-do-dieu-tri-benh-sxh-bv-bnd-tu%281%29.pdf

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